On Wednesday, December 10, US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer stated that the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA) may take on a new form after being renegotiated in 2026. Greer mentioned that the US might consider withdrawing, modifying, or renegotiating the agreement.
During an event at the Atlantic Council, Greer suggested that the USMCA could potentially be broken down into multiple separate agreements or that additional agreements could be signed individually between the US and Mexico, as well as Canada.
Looking ahead to the renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement next year, Greer presented various possibilities, such as adding protocols to the agreement or replacing it with a new one. He emphasized that there are numerous methods they could explore in renegotiating the deal.
Greer previously mentioned the US’s potential withdrawal from the USMCA or splitting it into two separate agreements. He confirmed that the US could exit the USMCA and also consider modifications, highlighting that these options are all under discussion in the renegotiation terms.
Greer emphasized on Wednesday that the economic relationship between the US and Canada is different from that between the US and Mexico.
Since 2025, the US Trade Representative has not held three-way meetings with representatives from Canada and Mexico.
Greer stated that tripartite discussions still hold significance in certain areas, such as product origin rules or maintaining consistent trade policies towards China.
The USMCA, which was established during Trump’s first term, replaced the previous North American Free Trade Agreement. According to the National Security Strategy released by the White House last week, the Trump administration believes that China has adapted to the US tariff policy changes since 2017 by rerouting the supply chains of Chinese goods through other low- and middle-income countries and then exporting them to the US via third-party entities.
The report encourages Canada and Mexico to adopt a policy to rebalance trade with China, as no single region—such as Southeast Asia, Latin America, or the Middle East—can individually absorb China’s vast overcapacity.