Recently, the American Cureus magazine published a research report titled “When Diet Trends Go Viral: Cutaneous Manifestations of Social Media-Driven Fad Diets and Supplements.” The report pointed out that three common dietary supplements, when taken in excess, may pose serious health risks. They are selenium, niacin (Vitamin B3), and zinc.
The report highlighted that recent analysis indicates a significant portion of nutrition-related content on platforms like YouTube, Instagram, and TikTok may lack scientific rigor or present unsubstantiated claims. A study evaluating TikTok nutrition-related posts found that 55% of the posts lack evidence-based information, and 90% of them fail to fully discuss the risks and facts associated with providing nutrition advice.
Focusing on the impact of social media-driven diet and supplement trends on the skin, the report documented skin symptoms of users who consumed excessive amounts of selenium, niacin, and zinc, including facial flushing, rashes, hair loss, and nail deformities.
Here are the most common supplements and the risks they pose:
Selenium is found in Brazil nuts, animal organs, seafood, grains, and dairy products. It is a mineral that can protect the body from infections. It also helps protect the telomeres at the ends of chromosomes, which shorten with age and are associated with cancer, heart disease, and other chronic illnesses.
However, excessive intake of selenium supplements can lead to selenium toxicity, characterized by hair loss, brittle nails, and a metallic taste in the mouth. Selenium toxicity may also present with gastrointestinal issues, fatigue, and garlic breath. Although symptoms typically improve upon discontinuation, the nail improvement process may be slow.
Niacin is often added to “detox” supplements or even energy drinks, and is often praised for its cholesterol-lowering effects. However, if taken in excess, it can cause facial flushing, skin warmth, itching, and even liver toxicity. These symptoms are frequently misdiagnosed as rosacea or allergic reactions, especially among women following “cleanse” therapies recommended by influencers.
Zinc is an electrolyte that is crucial for immune, skin, and hair health. However, excessive zinc intake can lead to skin irritation, copper deficiency, anemia, and may exacerbate acne issues in susceptible individuals.
The report warns that nutrition and supplement information on social media is often misleading or lacking background context. It recommends verifying the actual dosage and Upper Tolerable Intake Level (UL) before taking these supplements; consulting reliable sources; and seeking advice from healthcare professionals for long-term or high-dose usage.